Brown+v.+Board

**//BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION// ** What would break the back of Jim Crow America? What role did education play in the movement to desgregate America?



**Using the the links provided, analyze the landmark Supreme Court case //Brown v. Board of Education//. Cut and paste the information below into a new entry on your Unit 8 Online Notebook.** ||   ||=   ||

The cases had a few main facts to them. First of all, Kansas never really was legally a slave state. Segregation was also not as strong as it was in other southern states. The main segregation was in elementary schools; segregation of elementary schools was permitted by local option. The case Brown v. Board got its name from the cases that eventually ended segregation in public schools. This case was a main turning point for segregation in the south. It led to launching the Civil Rights Movement. It really brought our country closer to being democratically correct. Many people believe this is one of the most important Supreme Court cases of the twentieth century.
 * BASIC FACTS OF THE CASES (more than one) (check video, [|Link 1], [|Link 2], [|Link 3])**

The plantiff argued that: -Segregation was in fact a part of equal protection of the law, which was stated in the 14th amendment -The 14th amendment let the government get rid of any discriminatory action of a state, including segregation -The 14th amendment was not specific on whether segregated education was permitted or not -Studies had shown that the segregation was having a large negative impact on the minds of African American children
 * MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE PLAINTIFF (for integration) (check [|Link 1])**

The defendants, on the other hand, argued that: -The constitution did not require schools to be bi-racial -Segregation was a topic left for the states to freely regulate themselves -Segregation did not harm black people -White people were trying their best to make the knowledge of black and white people even. However, with slavery just ending, black people were not yet smart enough to compete in the classroom with white children
 * MAIN ARGUMENTS OF THE DEFENDANTS (for segregation) (check [|Link 1])**

The Supreme Court did agree to hear the Brown v. Board case, though they knew it would be a diffucult one. The judges were different in social upbringing and opinions. Many doubted their authority to end school segregation and worried segregation of schools was an unenforcable decision.
 * THE CHANGE IN THE COURT (leading to a decision) (check** [|**Link 1**]**)**

However, when Earl Warren was appointed to the Supreme Court, views began changing. When he wrote the decision, he included that the intent to permit or not permit school segregation was unclear in the 14th amendment. He said that education was the most important thing in society and black children should NOT be given lesser education or be deprived of education all together, just because of their race. He said, "Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children."
 * THE COURT DECISION (in your own words) (check** [|**Link 1**] **and Link 2)**

**ENFORCING THE DECISION (discuss "with all deliberate speed") (Check [|Link 1] ****)**  The Supreme Court decided that segregation of schools was unconstitutional. However, when they told states to end school segregation, they ordered them to do it "with all deliberate speed". This gave segregationalists time to organize a resistance. Though many whites accepted the court decision, some opposers did resist.

Tension between black and white people were high... very high. Many whites and blacks underestimated each other, and what they would do to get what they wanted... how much they would resist! African Americans went on a freedom fight, which spread widely and quickly. It eventually came to including many different racial and sexual groups, all fighting for equal rights.
 * THE IMPACT and LEGACY** **(Check** [|**Link 1**]**)**